The Dictionary of Early American Philosophers
General Editor John R. Shook
The Dictionary of Early American Philosophers (DEAP) was published by Continuum in 2011. Now sold by Bloomsbury.
DEAP joins a growing series of impressive biographical dictionaries, including the Dictionary of Modern American Philosophers.
Early American Philosophers were contributors to philosophical thought who lived in the territories of present-day U.S. and Canada from 1600 to 1860. DEAP will include approximately 400 figures, including hundreds of professional educators responsible for teaching philosophy, along with many theologians, social scientists and reformers, political theorists, lawyers, physicians, and scientists.
Individuals included in DEAP
Last Name | First Name | Dates | Career | Author | Reference Works |
Adams | Hannah | 1755-1832 | Historian and theologian, authored early books on comparative religion. | Angela Goodson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Adams | John | 1735-1826 | 2nd US President | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Encyc Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Adams | Jasper | 1793-1841 | President (1824-26, 1828-36) and Horry Prof. Moral and Political Philosophy (1828-36) at College of Charleston, S.C., then President of Geneva College (1826-28), Chaplain and Prof. Ethics, Geography, and History at West Point (1838-40). | Christine Spencer | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Agassiz | Jean Louis Rodolphe | 1807-1873 | Prof. Zoology and Natural History at Harvard (1847-73). | Nathan Houser | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Comp Amer Thought, Encyc Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Alcott | Amos Bronson | 1799-1888 | Schoolmaster in Boston and Concord, Massachusetts (1820s-1860s), Independent scholar in Concord (1860s-1888). | Scott Bartlett | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Comp Amer Thought, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Alden | Joseph | 1807-1885 | Prof. Latin, then Rhetoric and Political Economy at Williams College (1835-52), Prof. Mental and Moral Philosophy at Lafayette College in Pennsylvania (1852-57), President of Jefferson College in Pennsylvania (1857-62) | Charles Comer | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Alexander | Archibald | 1772-1851 | Prof. Theology at Princeton Theological Seminary (1812-50). | Timothy McConnell | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Alison | Francis | 1705-1779 | Founded Academy of Philadelphia in 1743 and taught most classes incl. philosophy until 1752, Prof. Greek and Latin at Academy of Philadelphia (1752-55), Vice Provost and Prof. Higher Classics and Metaphysics at College of Philadelphia (1755-1779) | John Fea | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Allen | Ethan | 1738-1789 | Vermont Revolutionary and freethinker. | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Allen | William | 1784-1868 | President of Bowdoin College in Maine (1820-1839). | John Shook | |
Andrew | Samuel | 1656-1738 | President of Yale (1707-1719) | John Shook | |
Andrews | Lorin | 1819-1861 | President and Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy and Political Economy at Kenyon College in Ohio (1853-61). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Andrews | Israel Ward | 1815-1888 | Prof. Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at Marietta College in Ohio (1839-55), Prof. Moral, Intellectual, and Political Philosophy at Marietta (1855-85). | John Shook | Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Andrews | Robert | c1747-1804 | Professor of Moral Philosophy (1777-1779), Professor of Moral Philosophy, the Law of Nature and of Nations, and the Fine Arts (1779-1784), Professor of Mathematics (1784-1804). | John Shook | |
Andrews | Stephen Pearl | 1812-1884 | Abolitionist and freethinker in New York. | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Andrews | John | 1746-1813 | Anglican Minister, Vice Provost and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Univ. Pennsylvania (1789-1810), Provost and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Univ. Pennsylvania (1810-13). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Anthony | Susan Brownell | 1820-1906 | Leader of Women’s Rights Movement in New York. | Barbara Ryan | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Comp Amer Thought, Dict Amer Bio, Encyc Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Who Was Who in Amer |
Appleton | Jesse | 1772-1819 | President and Professor of Philosophy at Bowdoin College in Maine (1807-19) | John Shook | |
Atwater | Jeremiah | 1774-1858 | President of Middlebury College in Vermont (1800-1809), President of Dickinson College in Penn. (1809-1815). | John Shook | |
Atwater | Lyman Hotchkiss | 1813-1883 | Professor of Mental and Moral Philosophy at Princeton (1854-1861). Professor of Revealed Religion and Metaphysics (1861-1867). Professor of Logic, Metaphysics, Ethics, Economics, and Politics (1869-1883). | John Shook | |
Bachman | John | 1790-1874 | Lutheran Minister in South Carolina and prominent naturalist. Pro-slavery yet defended full humanity of Africans. | B. Ricardo Brown | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Backus | Isaac | 1724-1806 | Baptist Minister in Massachusetts, defender of religious and political liberties. | Stephen Wilson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bacon | Joel Smith | 1802-1869 | Prof. Mental and Moral Philosophy at Hamilton College in New York (1833-37), President and Prof. Mental and Moral Philosophy at Columbian College (now George Washington University) (1843-54). | Russ Pryba | Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Ballou | Hosea | 1771-1852 | Prominent Unitarian and Universalist in Massachusetts. | Scott Bryant | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bancroft | George | 1800-1891 | Historian and diplomat, wrote first American study of German literature and philosophy in 1827-28. | Benjamin Park | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Barlow | Joel | 1754-1812 | Diplomat, Member of the Hartford Wits, wrote on religion, government. | Charles Comer | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bartlett | Elisha | 1804-1855 | Physician in Massachusetts, Kentucky, New York City. | Eric v.d. Luft | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bartol | Cyrus Augustus | 1813-1900 | Unitarian Minister in Boston (1837-89) | Adam Glover | Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bascom | Henry Bidleman | 1796-1850 | President of Transylvania College in Kentucky (1842-49). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Batchelder | John Putnam | 1784-1868 | Physician in New England | Eric v.d. Luft | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bates | Joshua | 1776-1854 | President of Middlebury College in Vermont (1818-1839) | John Shook | |
Baxter | George Addison | 1771-1841 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy and Mathematics at Washington College in Virginia (1799-1829). | John Shook | Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Beach | Wooster | 1794-1868 | Physician in New York, founder of eclectic medicine, wrote The American Practice of Medicine (1833). | Eric v.d. Luft | |
Beasley | Frederick | 1777-1845 | Episcopal Minister, Provost and Prof. Mental and Moral Philosophy at Univ. Pennsylvania (1813-28). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Beaven | James | 1801-1875 | Prof. Divinity and Philosophy at King’s College in Toronto (1843-1851), Prof. Philosophy at Toronto (1851-71). | John Shook | Canad Encyc, Dict Canad Bio |
Beck | Theodric Romeyn | 1791-1855 | Prof. Medicine and Medical Jurisprudence at the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Fairfield NY (1815-40), Albany Medical College in NY (1840-54). | Eli A. Braun | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Beecher | Lyman | 1775-1863 | Presbyterian Minister, Prof. Theology at Lane Theological Seminary in Cincinnati (1832-50). | Kyle Potter | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Beecher | Edward | 1803-1895 | Congregational Minister, President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Illinois College (1830-44) | David Pfeifer | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Beecher | Catharine Esther | 1800-1878 | Liberal Congregational Minister in New York City (1847-87). | Mary Ellen Waithe | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bellamy | Joseph | 1719-1790 | Congregational Minister and Edwardsian theologian in Connecticut (1738-90) | Katherine Hermes | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bishop | Robert Hamilton | 1777-1855 | Prof. Philosophy at Transylvania College in Kentucky (1804-24), President of Miami University in Ohio (1824-41) and also Prof. History and Philosophy of Social Relations at Miami (1833-44), Prof. Social Phil. at Farmer’s College near Cincinnati (1845-55). | Amanda Lusky | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Blackwell | Antoinette Louisa Brown | 1825-1921 | Unitarian Minister and feminist in New York and New Jersey. | Cicily Corbett | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Who Was Who in Amer |
Blair | James | 1655-1743 | President of College of William and Mary (1693-1743). | John Shook | |
Blanchard | Jonathan | 1811-1892 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Knox College in Illinois (1846-58), President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Wheaton College in Illinois (1860-82). | David Pfeifer | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Bland | Richard | 1710-1776 | Revolutionary in Virginia. | Karen Hoffman | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bledsoe | Albert Taylor | 1809-1877 | Methodist Minister, Prof. Mathematics and Astronomy at Mississippi (1848-54), Prof. Mathematics at Virginia (1854-61). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bouvart | Martin | 1637-1705 | Catholic Priest, Prof. Theology, Philosophy, and Rhetoric at the Collège des Jésuites in Quebec (1676-98), also Rector there (1698-1704). | David Davis and John Shook | Dict Canad Bio |
Bowden | John | 1751-1817 | Episcopal Minister, Prof. Moral Philosophy, Logic, Rhetoric, and Belles-letters at Columbia College in NYC (1803-17). | Russ Pryba | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bowen | Francis | 1811-1890 | Prof. Philosophy at Harvard (1835-39, 1853-89). | Cornelis de Waal | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Boyd | James Robert | 1804-1890 | Prof. Moral Philosophy and Pastor at Hamilton College in New York (?-?). Wrote “Eclectic moral philosophy” (1846). | John Shook | Dictionary of American Authors, Fifth edition |
Bradstreet | Anne | 1612-1672 | Poet, religious/philosophical thinker in Massachusetts. | Therese Dykeman | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Branagan | Thomas | 1774-1843 | Abolitionist in Philadelphia. | Alexandra Perry | Dict Lit Bio |
Brantly | William Theophilus | 1787-1845 | President and Horry Prof. of Moral, Intellectual, and Political Philosophy at College of Charleston, S.C. (1838-44). | Christine Spencer | Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans |
Brattle | William | 1662-1717 | Tutor at Harvard (1680-96), Fellow of Harvard (1696-1700). | Harry Maddux | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Brigham | Amariah | 1798-1849 | Physician and early psychiatrist. | J. Elias Saidennunez | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Brown | John | 1763-1842 | Prof. Logic and Moral Philosophy at Univ. South Carolina (1809-11), President and Prof. Philosophy at Univ. Georgia (1811-16). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Balz, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Brownell | Thomas Church | 1779-1865 | President of Trinity College in Conn. (1824-31). | John Shook | |
Brownson | Orestes Augustus | 1803-1876 | Independent theologian, philosopher, and author. | Gregory Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bryant | William Cullen | 1794-1878 | Poet, social critic, abolitionist. | Asher Walden | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Buchanan | Joseph | 1785-1829 | Educator, journalist in Kentucky. | David Schmidt | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Buchanan | Joseph Rodes | 1814-1899 | American scientist, Faculty Dean and Professor in the Eclectic Medical Institute, in Covington, Kentucky. | Judith A. Wiener | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Burton | Asa | 1752-1836 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Vermont. | Roger Ward | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Bushnell | Horace | 1802-1876 | Congregational Minister in Connecticut (1833-76). | Roger Ward | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Caldwell | Joseph | 1773-1835 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Univ. North Carolina (1816-35). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Calhoun | John Caldwell | 1782-1850 | Vice President of US (1825-32), US Senator from South Carolina (1832-43, 1845-50). | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Campbell | Alexander | 1788-1866 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Bethany College in (West) Virginia (1841-66). | Elmer Duncan | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Cannon | James Spencer | 1776-1852 | Prof. Pastoral Theology and Ecclesiastical History at Rutgers (1826-52), also responsible for Metaphysics. | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Cardell | William Samuel | 1780-1828 | Langauges teacher in New York. Wrote “Essay on language, as connected with the faculties of the mind, and as applied to things in nature and art” (1825). | Ryan Tweney | Allibone’s Critical Dictionary of English Literature |
Carey | Henry Charles | 1793-1879 | Economist and social scientist | Marc-William Palen | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Carey | Mathew | 1760-1839 | Economist. | Marc-William Palen | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Carnahan | James | 1775-1859 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Princeton (1823-1854). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Carter | Landon | 1710-1778 | Politician in Virginia, Revolutionary | Karen Hoffman | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Lit Bio |
Cary | Mary Ann Camberton Shadd | 1823-1893 | African America/Canadian abolitionist; wrote for Frederick Douglass’s New National Era and The Advocate. | Shamina Sneed | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Canad Bio |
Champlin | James Tift | 1811-1882 | President of Colby College in Maine (1857-73). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Channing | William Henry | 1810-1884 | Unitarian Minister in Boston, Washington D.C. | Roger Ward | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Channing | William Ellery | 1780-1842 | Unitarian Minister in Boston (1805-42), abolitionist. | Kyle Welty | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Chapin | Stephen | 1778-1845 | President and Prof. Moral and Intellectual Philosophy at Columbian College (now George Washington University) (1828-41). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Balz, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Chaplin | Jeremiah | 1776-1841 | President of Waterville College (now Colby) in Maine (1820-1833) | John Shook | |
Chase | Philander | 1775-1852 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Kenyon College in Ohio (1825-31). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Chase | Salmon Portland | 1808-1873 | Abolitionist lawyer and politician in Ohio, Justice of U.S. Supreme Court (1864-73). | Alexandra Perry | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Chauncy | Charles | 1705-1787 | Congregationalist Minister and theologian in Massachusetts. | Charles Lippy | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Chauncy | Charles | 1592-1672 | President of Harvard (1654-72). | Scott E. Bryant | |
Cheever | George Barrell | 1807-1890 | Congregational minister and abolitionist in Boston and New York. | Dorothy Rogers and Alexandra Perry | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Cheney | Ednah Dow Littlehale | 1824-1904 | Teacher, writer, and social activist in Massachusetts. | Therese Dykeman | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Child | Lydia Maria Francis | 1802-1880 | Abolitionist and writer in Massachusetts. | Terrance Macmullin | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Church | Alonzo | 1793-1862 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Univ. Georgia (1829-59). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Clap | Thomas | 1703-1767 | Congregational Minister, President of Yale (1745-66). | Robert Brown | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Clarke | James Freeman | 1810-1888 | Lecturer in Theology, Ethics at Harvard Divinity School. | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Colden | Cadwallader | 1688-1776 | Scientist, philosopher in New York. | Scott Pratt | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Conover | Samuel Forman | 1762-1824 | Physician in New Jersey. | Mary M. Manning | |
Cooper | Thomas | 1759-1839 | Scientist, President of Univ. South Carolina (1821-34), political economist. | Matthew Pethers | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Cooper | Myles | 1737-1785 | President of King’s College (later Columbia) in New York City (1763-75), taught theology and philosophy. | Derek Hatch | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Crawford | John | 1746-1813 | Physician in Maryland. | Richard J. Behles | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Crawford | Charles | 1752-1815 | Abolitionist in Philadelphia. | Dict Lit Bio | |
Crocker | Hannah Mather | 1752-1829 | Feminist in Boston, wrote “Observations on the Real Rights of Women” (1818). | Eileen Botting | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, WWWHV |
Cummings | Joseph | 1817-1890 | Methodist Minister, President of Wesleyan University in Connecticut (1857-75), taught philosophy. Professor of Mental Philosophy and Political Economy at Wesleyan (1875-77). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Dagg | John Leadley | 1794-1884 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Mercer University in Georgia (1845-56). | Jonathan Gainor | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Daggett | Naphtali | 1727-1780 | Livingston Professor of Divinity (1754-1777). President of Yale (1766-1777). | John Shook | |
Dall | Caroline Wells Healey | 1822-1912 | Social scientist, feminist in Boston and Washington DC | Dorothy Rogers | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Dana | James | 1735-1812 | Congregational Minister in Connecticut. | Adam Glover | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Dana | Charles Anderson | 1819-1897 | Transcendentalist, poet, abolitionist, editor of New York Sun (1868-97). | David Puller | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Dana | Alexander Hamilton | 1807-1887 | Lawyer in New York. Wrote “Ethical and physiological inquiries” (1862) | Mary Hitchcock | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
David | John Baptist Mary | 1761-1841 | Prof. Philosophy at Georgetown College (1804-06). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Davies | Samuel | 1723-1761 | Presbyterian Minister and theologian in Virginia, President of Princeton (1759-61). | John Fea | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Davis | Andrew Jackson | 1826-1910 | Spiritualist in New York | David Schmidt | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Davis | Henry | 1771-1852 | President of Middlebury College in Vermont (1809-1817), President of Hamilton College in New York (1817-1833) | John Shook | |
Dawson | William | 1704-1752 | Prof. Moral Philosophy at College of William and Mary (1729-52), also President there (1743-52). | Karen Hoffman | Amer Nat Bio, Dic Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Day | Henry Noble | 1808-1890 | Prof. Theology at Western Reserve College in Ohio (1840-52), President of Ohio Female College (1858-64). | Evan Moreno-Davis | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Day | Jeremiah | 1773-1867 | President of Yale (1817-47). | Roger Ward | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
De Quen | Jean | 1603-1659 | Prof. at Collège des Jésuites in Quebec (1635-37?). | David Puller | Dict Canad Bio |
Dean | Amos | 1803-1868 | Prof. Medical Jurisprudence at Albany (NY) Medical College (1838-58). | Eli A. Braun | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Deems | Charles Force | 1820-1893 | Prof. Rhetoric and Logic at Univ. North Carolina (1842-47), President of Greensboro Female College (1850-54). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Balz, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
DeLancey | William Heathcote | 1797-1865 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Univ. Pennsylvania (1828-34). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Delaney | Martin Robinson | 1812-1885 | Abolitionist and Black nationalist in Pennsylvania and South Carolina. | Jean Van Delinder | WWWHV |
Demers | Jérôme | 1774-1853 | Prof. Philosophy at Grand Séminaire de Québec (1800-1842). | Jenifer Nipps | Dict Canad Bio |
Denkbaar | Johannes | 1795-1831 | Psychologist and freethinker Mne | Cornelis de Waal | |
Dew | Thomas Roderick | 1802-1846 | Prof. Political Law at College of William and Mary (1827-36), President of College of William and Mary (1836-46). | Christopher Roberts | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Dewey | Orville | 1794-1882 | Unitarian Minister and theologian in Massachusetts and New York. | Andy Black | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Dickinson | John | 1732-1808 | Lawyer and politician in Pennsylvania, Revolutionary and member of Continental Congress. | Joseph Palencik | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Dickinson | Jonathan | 1688-1747 | Congregational Minister in New Jersey, First President of Princeton (1747). | John Fea | Amer Nat Bio, WWWHV. |
Dickson | John Augustus | 1795-1847 | Prof. Moral Philosophy and Languages at College of Charleston, S.C. (1824-28). | Christine Spencer | Dictionary of North Carolina Biography |
Dickson | Samuel Henry | 1798-1872 | Prof. Medicine at Medical College of South Carolina (1833-47, 1850-58), Prof. Medicine at Jefferson Medical College of Philadelphia (1858-72). | Eric v.d. Luft | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Dod | Albert Baldwin | 1805-1845 | Prof. Mathematics at Princeton (1831-45). | Steven Takacs | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Dods | John Bovee | 1795-1872 | Investigator and lecturer on mesmerism. | David Schmidt | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Douglass | Frederick | 1818-1895 | Author, editor, and lecturer in Massachusetts and New York (1841-1895), U.S. Marshal for the District of Columbia (1877-81), U.S. Minister to Haiti (1889-91). | Donald Brown | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Draper | John William | 1811-1882 | Evolutionist, historian, Prof. Chemistry and Physiology at University of the City of New York (1838-1850), President of UCNY Medical School (1850-1881). | John Tilley | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Dunster | Henry | 1609-1659 | President of Harvard (1640-54). | John Shook | |
Duparc | Jean-Baptiste | 1676-1742 | Prof. Theology and Philosophy at Collège des Jésuites in Quebec (1707-15). | David Puller | Dict Canad Bio |
Dwight | Timothy | 1752-1817 | President and Prof. Theology at Yale (1795-1817). | Kyle Welty | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Edger | Henry | 1820-1888 | Advocate of Comte’s positivism. | John Tilley | Allibone’s Critical Dictionary of English Literature: A Supplement |
Edwards | Jonathan | 1703-1758 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Massachusetts. | Robert Brown | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Edwards | Jonathan, Jr. | 1745-1801 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Connecticut. | Angela Goodson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Eliot | John | 1604-1690 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Massachusetts. | Katherine Hermes | Amer Nat Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ellis | Charles Mayo | 1818-1878 | Boston lawyer and abolitionist. | Jon Rogers | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Biographical Dictionary of Transcendentalism |
Ely | Ezra Stiles | 1786-1861 | Minister in New York, Philadelphia, and Missouri. | Andy Black | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Emerson | Mary Moody | 1774-1863 | Freethinker, Aunt of Ralph Waldo Emerson. | Lou Tenzis | |
Emerson | Ralph Waldo | 1803-1882 | Independent scholar in Concord, Massachusetts. | David Justin Hodge | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Emmons | Nathaniel | 1745-1840 | Congregationalist Minister and theologian. | Kyle Potter | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Epinette | Peter | 1760-1832 | Professor of Theology (1807-1813), Professor of Divinity and Philosophy (1817-1820) at Georgetown College. Prominent Catholic theologian. | John Shook | |
Esson | Henry | 1793-1853 | Prof. Philosophy at Knox College in Toronto (1844-53). | Charlie Hobbs | Dict Canad Bio |
Evans | Warren Felt | 1817-1889 | New Thought philosopher. | David Schmidt | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ewing | John | 1732-1802 | Provost (1779-1802), Prof. Moral Philosophy (1758-1762), and Prof. Natural Philosophy (1762-78) at Univ. Pennsylvania. | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Fairchild | James Harris | 1817-1902 | Professor of Theology and Moral Philosophy (1858-1866), President of Oberlin (1866-1889). | John Shook | |
Fergusson | Elizabeth Graeme | 1737-1801 | Philosophical poet; hosted a woman’s salon in her home in Philadelphia. | Dorothy Rogers | American Writers before 1800. A biographical and critical dictionary. |
Ferland | Jean-Baptiste-Antoine | 1805-1865 | Prof. Literature, History, and Philosophy at Collège de Nicolet in Quebec (1841-50), Prof. at Université Laval (1854-64). | Dict Canad Bio | |
Ferris | Isaac | 1798-1873 | Prof. Moral Science and Christian Evidence at University of New York (1852-70). | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV | |
Finley | William Peronneau | 1803-1876 | President and Horry Prof. Moral, Intellectual, and Political Philosophy at College of Charleston, S.C. (1845-57). | John Shook | |
Finney | Charles Grandison | 1792-1875 | Prof. Theology at Oberlin College in Ohio (1835-72), also President of Oberlin (1851-66). | Ann Duncan | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Fisher | William Logan | 1781-1862 | Quaker Hicksite in Philadelphia, political radical and socialist. | Michael Ziser | |
Fisk | Wilbur | 1792-1839 | President of Wesleyan Univ. in Connecticut (1831-39). | John Shook | |
Fiske | Nathan Welby | 1798-1847 | Prof. Intellectual and Moral Philosophy at Amherst College (1836-47). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Fitch | Ebenezer | 1756-1833 | President of Williams College (1793-1815) | John Shook | |
Fitzhugh | George | 1806-1881 | Lawyer in Virginia; pro-slavery and states’ rights advocate. | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Flint | Austin | 1812-1866 | Physician in New York, wrote Treatise on the Principles and Practice of Medicine (1866). | Eric v.d. Luft | |
Flynt | Henry | 1675-1760 | Tutor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at Harvard, also taught most other subjects (1699-1760). | Rick Kennedy | Amer Nat Bio |
Foster | Abby Kelley | 1811-1887 | Abolitionist and feminist in Massachusetts. | Alexandra Perry | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Fowler | Orson Squire | 1809-1887 | Phrenologist. | Cornelis de Waal | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Francis | Convers | 1795-1863 | Unitarian Minister and transcendentalist in Massachusetts (1819-42); Professor of Pulpit Eloquence at Harvard (1842-63). | David Puller | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, WWWHV |
Franklin | Benjamin | 1706-1790 | Publisher, scientist, and revolutionary. | Cornelis de Waal and Monica Morrison | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Frelinghuysen | Theodore | 1787-1862 | President and Professor of Moral Philosophy and International and Constitutional Law at Rutgers (1850-1862) | John Shook | |
French | John William | 1809-1871 | Professor of Ethics and Chaplain of U.S. Military Academy (1856-1871). | John Shook | |
Frisbie | Levi | 1783-1822 | Prof. Natural Religion, Moral Philosophy, and Civil Polity at Harvard (1817-22). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Fuller | Margaret | 1810-1850 | Educator, feminist, and transcendentalist philosopher in Massachusetts and New York. | Russ Pryba | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio |
Furman | James Clement | 1809-1891 | Prof. Intellectual and Moral Philosophy and Logic at Furman University in South Carolina (1852-91), also President there (1852-79). | LuElla Putnam | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Gabaria | Stephen John | 1794-1847 | Professor of Theology and Ethics (1834-1840), Professor of Moral Philosophy (1840-1847) at Georgetown College. | John Shook | |
Gale | George Washington | 1789-1861 | Prof. Moral Philosophy and Belles-lettres at Knox College in Illinois (1843-57). | Kevin Tanner | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Garrison | William Lloyd | 1805-1879 | Editor and abolitionist in Boston (1820s-1865). | John Hillje | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Gaskell | John | 1804-1856 | Wrote “Sense and sound, as they reciprocally form any sign of mind” (1854) and “New Elements From Old Subjects: Presented as the Basis for a Science of Mind” (1874). | Steven Takacs | Allibone’s Critical Dictionary of English Literature: A Supplement |
Gay | Ebenezer | 1696-1787 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Massachusetts. | Stephen Wilson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
George | James | 1800-1870 | Prof. Mental and Moral Philosophy at Queen’s College in Canada (1853-62). | David Puller | Dict Canad Bio |
Gerhart | Emanuel Vogel | 1817-1904 | President and Prof. Theology at Heidelberg College and Theological Seminary in Ohio (1851-54), President of Franklin and Marshall College in Pennsylvania (1854-66), President and Prof. Theology at Theological Seminary in Mercersburg (1868-1904). | Tadd Ruetenik | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Germain | Joseph-Louis | 1633-1722 | Catholic Priest, Prof. Theology and Philosophy at the Collège des Jésuites in Quebec (1687-1710). | David Puller | Dict Canad Bio |
Gibbons | William | 1781-1845 | Physician in Philadelphia. | Eli A. Braun | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Gibbs | Josiah Willard | 1790-1861 | Prof. Sacred Literature at Yale Divinity School (1826-61). | Andy Black | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Goddard | William Giles | 1794-1846 | Prof. Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics at Brown (1825-34), Prof. Rhetoric, Evidences of Christianity, and Constitutional Law at Brown (1834-42). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Goodwin | Daniel Raynes | 1811-1890 | Prof. Moral and Intellectual Philosophy at Trinity College in Connecticut (1850s). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Graham | William | 1745-1799 | President and Professor of Moral Philosophy at Liberty Hall Academy (1779-1796) | John Shook | |
Graham | Christopher Columbus | 1784-1885 | Physician, scientist, and writer in Kentucky. | Cornelis de Waal | A Dictionary of North American Authors Deceased before 1950 |
Greeley | Horace | 1811-1872 | Abolitionist and editor in New York City. | Nataly Chesky | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Green | Beriah | 1795-1874 | Congregational Minister and abolitionist in New York. | Alexandra Perry | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Green | Ashbel | 1762-1848 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Princeton (1812-1822). | John Shook | |
Greene | William Batchelder | 1819-1878 | Unitarian Minister, banking reformer, individualist anarchist | Michael Ziser | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Greenwood | Isaac | 1702-1745 | Prof. Mathematics and Experimental Philosophy at Harvard (1728-38). | Tim Lyons | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Grimes | James Stanley | 1807-1903 | Lawyer and physician in Boston, New York, and Illinois. | Eric v.d. Luft and Owen Anderson | Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Grimké | Sarah Moore | 1792-1873 | Abolitionist; feminist; one of the first women to give public lectures in Boston. | Dorothy Rogers | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Gros | John Daniel | 1737-1812 | Prof. Moral Philosophy at Columbia (1789-95). | Russ Pryba | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Haddock | Charles Brickett | 1796-1861 | Prof. Rhetoric and Oratory at Dartmouth (1819-38), Prof. Intellectual Philosophy and Political Economy at Dartmouth (1838-50). | Sean Corbin | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Hale | Sarah Josepha Buell | 1788-1879 | Editor of the first and most successful woman’s magazine in the 19th century, Godey’s Lady’s Book. Hale was a counter-feminist who supported women’s education and employment, but opposed suffrage. | Dorothy Rogers | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hamilton | Alexander | 1757-1804 | Revolutionary and federalist political theorist. | Rick Kennedy | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hammon | Jupiter | 1711-1800? | African American poet, theologian, and abolitionist in New York and Connecticut. | Maurice Hamington | Amer Nat Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, WWWHV |
Harper | Frances Ellen Watkins | 1825-1911 | Poet, novelist, and lecturer in Pennsylvania. | Chielozona Eze | Amer Nat Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio |
Haven | Joseph | 1816-1874 | Prof. Philosophy at Amherst College (1850-58), Prof. Systematic Theology at Chicago Theological Seminary (1858-70). | Alfred Fuchs | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Haynes | Lemuel | 1753-1833 | African American Congregational Minister and theologian in Vermont. | Jacob Goodson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Hazard | Rowland Gibson | 1801-1888 | Industrialist and politician in Rhode Island until 1866, thereafter independent author, Trustee of Brown (1869-77). | Dereck Coatney | Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hecker | Isaac Thomas | 1819-1888 | Catholic Priest and leader of the Paulists in New York City. | Robert Wilson-Black | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hedge | Levi | 1766-1844 | Prof. Philosophy at Harvard (1810-32). | Cornelis de Waal | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hedge | Frederic Henry | 1805-1890 | Minister in New England, Prof. German at Harvard (1872-1884). | James Good | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Henry | Caleb Sprague | 1804-1884 | Minister (1829-37), Prof. History, Belles-lettres, and Philosophy at University of the City of New York (1838-52). | James Good | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Henry | Robert | 1792-1856 | Prof. Logic and Moral Philosophy at South Carolina College (now Univ. S.C.) (1818-35), Prof. Metaphysics, Logic, and Belles-lettres at South Carolina College (1839-45), also President there (1842-45). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Balz, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hickok | Laurens Perseus | 1798-1888 | Prof. Theology at Western Reserve College in Ohio (1836-44), Auburn Theological Seminary in New York (1844-52), Prof. Mental and Moral Philosophy at Union College (1852-68). | Alfred Fuchs | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Hicks | Elias | 1748-1830 | Quaker Minister, theologian, and abolitionist. | Ann Duncan | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hildreth | Ezekiel | 1784-1856 | Teacher in Ohio, Tennessee, Kentucky, and Virginia. | Michael West | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Hildreth | Richard | 1807-1865 | Lawyer and editor in Boston and New York. | Jon Rogers | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hitchcock | Ethan Allen | 1798-1870 | General in US Army. | David Agler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hodge | Charles | 1797-1878 | Prof. Theology at Princeton Theological Seminary (1822-77). | C. George Fry | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hodge | Hugh Lenox | 1796-1873 | Prof. Obstetrics at University of Pennsylvania (1835-63). | Eric v.d. Luft | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hoge | Moses | 1752-1820 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia (1807-20). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Holley | Horace | 1781-1827 | President and Prof. Mental and Moral Philosophy at Transylvania University in Kentucky (1818-27). | Amanda Lusky | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Holmes | Oliver Wendell | 1809-1894 | Prof. Anatomy and Physiology at Harvard Medical School (1847-82). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Holmes | George Frederick | 1820-1897 | President and Prof. Philosophy at Univ. Mississippi (1848-49), Prof. History, Literature, Political Economy at Univ. Virginia (1857-97). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Holmes | John | 1799-1852 | Prof. Philosophy at Séminaire de Nicolet in Quebec (1819-20, 1821-23), Petit Séminaire de Québec (1827-30). | Dict Canad Bio | |
Holyoke | Edward | 1689-1769 | President of Harvard (1737-69). | John Shook | |
Hooker | Thomas | 1586-1647 | Puritan minister, theologian, and political theorist. | Stephen Wilson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hopkins | Mark | 1802-1887 | Prof. Rhetoric and Philosophy at Williams College (1830-36). President and Prof. Philosophy of Williams College (1836-72). | Edward O’Brien | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Hopkins | Samuel | 1721-1803 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Rhode Island (1770-1803). | Todd Brenneman | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Horton | George Moses | 1797?-1883 | African American abolitionist in North Carolina. | Maurice Hamington | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Hosack | David | 1769-1835 | Prof. Botany and Material Medical at Columbia College in NYC (1795-1811), Prof. Theory and Practice of Physic at College of Physicians and Surgeons in NYC (1811-26). | Eric v.d. Luft | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Houdet | Antoine-Jacques | 1763-1826 | Catholic Priest, Prof. Philosophy, Science, Mathematics and other subjects at Collège Saint-Raphael (later Collège de Montréal) in Quebec. | David Puller | Dict Canad Bio |
Hughes | Henry | 1829-1861 | Lawyer and politician in Mississippi, pro-slavery advocate. With G. Fitzhugh, first to publish book having “Sociology” in the title. | Brian Butler | Lives of Mississippi Authors, 1817-1967 |
Hughes | John Joseph | 1797-1864 | Bishop of New York. Prominent Catholic theologian. | John Shook | |
Humphrey | Heman | 1779-1861 | President of Amherst College in Massachusetts (1823-45). | John Shook | |
Jackson | Samuel | 1787-1872 | Prof. Medicine at University of Pennsylvania (1835-63). | Abel Rubén Hernández-Ulloa | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Jackson | Abner | 1811-1874 | Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy at Trinity College in Connecticut (1840-58), President of Hobart College (1858-67), President of Trinity College (1868-74). | John Shook | |
James | Henry, Sr. | 1811-1882 | Religious author in Boston. | James Moseley | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Jay | John | 1745-1829 | Revolutionary, Justice of US Supreme Court, Governor of New York. | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Jefferson | Thomas | 1743-1826 | 3rd President of U.S. | Adrian Oldfield | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Johns | John | 1796-1876 | Episcopal Minister, later bishop; President and Prof. Moral and Intellectual Philosophy at College of William and Mary (1849-54). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Johnson | Alexander Bryan | 1786-1867 | Banker in upstate New York, independent writer. | Ahti Pietarinen | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Johnson | Samuel | 1696-1772 | President of King’s College in New York (now Columbia) (1754-63). | Stephen Wilson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Jones | Joseph Huntington | 1797-1868 | Presbyterian Minister in Philadelphia. | Bonnie Meyer | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Jones | Hiram Kinnaird | 1818-1903 | Professor of Philosophy (1866-1898) at Illinois College. | David Pfeifer | |
Junkin | George | 1790-1868 | President of Lafayette College (1832-41, 1844-48), President of Miami University in Ohio (1841-43), President and Professor of Moral Philosophy at Washington College in Virginia (1848-1861) | John Shook | |
Kaufmann | Peter | 1800-1869 | Christian perfectionist, socialist, and Hegelian in Ohio. | Joseph Palencik | Amer Nat Bio |
Kenrick | Francis Patrick | 1797-1863 | Bishop of Philadelphia and then Baltimore. Prominent Catholic theologian. | John Shook | |
Kent | James | 1763-1847 | Prof. Law at Columbia (1793-98, 1823-26), Chief Justice of NY Supreme Court (1804-14). | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Kinmont | Alexander | 1799-1838 | Scotch scholar and thinker, who came to Cincinnati in 1827 and operated an academy. | Joseph Palencik | Ohio Authors and Their Books. Biography included with his 1839 book. |
Kneeland | Abner | 1774-1844 | Unitarian minister turned materialist and atheist in Massachusetts. | John Shook | |
Knowlton | Charles | 1800-1850 | Physician in Massachusetts, first American advocate of contraception and early materialist. | Francine Netter Roberson | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Kohlmann | Anthony | 1771-1836 | Professor and Rector at Georgetown College. Prominent Catholic theologian. | John Shook | |
La Borde | Maximillian | 1804-1873 | Prof. Logic and Belles-lettres at South Carolina College (now Univ. South Carolina) (1842-45), Prof. Metaphysics at South Carolina (1845-65). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Balz, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
La Brosse | Jean Baptiste de | 1724-1782 | Professor at Collège des Jésuites in Quebec (1756-58), missionary. | John Shook | |
Labaree | Benjamin | 1801-1883 | President of Middlebury College in Vermont (1840-1866) | John Shook | |
Ladd | William | 1778-1841 | Pacifist, founded American Peace Society in 1828. | Michael Ziser | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Lathrop | John Hiram | 1799-1866 | Prof. Law, Civil Polity and Political Economy at Hamilton College in upstate New York (1835-41), President of Univ. Missouri (1841-49, 1865-66), Prof. Mental, Moral, and Political Philosophy at Missouri (1863-65). | Kevin Tanner | Smith, WWWHV. |
Law | Thomas | 1756-1834 | Independent writer in Washington, D.C. | Cornelis de Waal | Dictionary of National Biography: The Concise Dictionary |
Leach | William Turnbull | 1805-1886 | Prof. Literature (1846-83) and Philosophy (1853-72) at McGill University in Montreal. | John Shook | Dict Canad Bio |
Lesieur-Désaulniers | Isaac-Stanislas | 1811-1868 | Prof. Philosophy at Séminaire de Saint-Hyacinthe in Quebec (1831-33, 1837-49, 1860-68). | Blake Ellis | Dict Canad Bio |
Leverett | John | 1662-1724 | Fellow and Tutor at Harvard (1685-1700), President of Harvard (1707-24). | Michael Dopffel | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Lieber | Francis | 1798-1872 | Prof. History and Political Economy at South Carolina College (1835-56), Prof. History and Political Science at Columbia (1857-72). | John Catalano | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Lincoln | Abraham | 1809-1865 | 16th President of U.S. | William Elkins | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Long | Clement | 1806-1861 | Professor of Philosophy in Western Reserve College in Ohio (1834-44), Prof. Theology there (1844-52). Professor of Philosophy at Dartmouth College (1851-52, 1854-61). | John Shook | |
Longstreet | Augustus Baldwin | 1790-1870 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Emory College (1839-48), President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Univ. Mississippi (1849-56), President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at South Carolina College (1856-61). | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV | |
Lord | Nathan | 1792-1870 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Dartmouth (1828-63). | John Shook | Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ludlow | John | 1793-1857 | Provost (1834-1852) and Prof. Moral Philosophy (1834-54) at Univ. Pennsylvania. | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Lyall | William | 1811-1890 | Prof. Philosophy at Free Church College in Nova Scotia (1850-60), Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia (1863-90). | Elizabeth Trott | Dict Canad Bio |
Mackall | Louis | 1801-1876 | Physician, author of several works on psychological and scientific topics. | Eric v.d. Luft | Dictionary of American Medical Biography |
Madison | James | 1749-1812 | Episcopal Minister, later 1st bishop in Virginia, President of College of William and Mary (1777-1812), also Prof. Moral Philosophy there. | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV | |
Madison | James | 1751-1836 | 4th President of U.S. | Shane Ralston | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Mahan | Asa | 1799-1889 | President and Prof. of Intellectual and Moral Philosophy at Oberlin College in Ohio (1835-50), Cleveland University (1850-55), Adrian College in Michigan (1860-71). | Philip Harrold | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Manly | Basil | 1798-1868 | President and Prof. Moral and Mental Philosophy at Univ. Alabama (1837-55). | Deacon Newhouse | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Mann | Horace | 1796-1859 | Lawyer, politician, educator in Massachusetts. | Blanche Henderson Brick | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Manning | James | 1738-1791 | President of College of Rhode Island (Brown) (1765-1791). | John Shook | |
Marsh | James | 1794-1842 | President of Univ. Vermont (1826-33), Prof. Philosophy at Vermont (1833-42). | Ethan Schrum | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Marsh | George Perkins | 1801-1882 | Lawyer and naturalist in Vermont and later US Minister to Italy (1861-82) | Sean Brown | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Mather | Increase | 1639-1723 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Boston, President of Harvard (1686-1701). | Jan Stievermann | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Mather | Cotton | 1663-1728 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Boston. | Robert Brown | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Maxcy | Jonathan | 1768-1820 | President of Rhode Island College (now Brown) (1792-1802), President of Union College in upstate New York (1802-1804), President of South Carolina College (1805-20). | Jacob Goodson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Mayhew | Jonathan | 1720-1766 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Boston. | John Mullins | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
McGuffey | William Holmes | 1800-1873 | Prof. Moral Philosophy at Univ. Virginia (1845-73). | Caleb Puckett | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
McIlvaine | Charles Pettit | 1799-1873 | Prof. Evidences of Revealed Religion at University of the City of New York (now New York University) (1831-1832), President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Kenyon College in Ohio (1832-40). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
McKeen | Joseph | 1757-1807 | President at Bowdoin College in Maine (1802-1807). | John Shook | |
McKnight | John | 1754-1823 | Prof. Moral Philosophy and Logic at Columbia (1795-1799). Professor of moral philosophy and logic (1795-1799) | Russ Pryba | |
McVickar | John | 1787-1868 | Prof. Moral Philosophy at Columbia (1817-57), Prof. Evidences of Natural and Revealed Religion at Columbia (1857-64). | Robin Vandome | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Meigs | Charles Delucena | 1792-1869 | Prof. Obstetrics and Diseases of Women at the Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia (1841-61). | Eric v.d. Luft | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Meigs | Josiah | 1757-1822 | President and Prof. Philosophy at Univ. Georgia (1800-10), President of Columbian College (now George Washington Univ.) (1819-22). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Mercer | Margaret | 1791-1846 | Operated a womens academy in Virginia, authored textbooks. | Dorothy Rogers | |
Messer | Asa | 1769-1836 | President of Brown (1802-26), also taught philosophy during presidency. | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Miles | James Warley | 1818-1875 | Prof. History of Intellectual Philosophy and Greek Literature at College of Charleston, S.C. (1850-54, 1866-71). | Michael Royster | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Milledoler | Philip | 1775-1852 | President at Rutgers (1825-1840). Teaches moral philosophy. | John Shook | |
Miller | Samuel | 1769-1850 | Presbyterian Minister, Prof. Ecclesiastical History and Church Government at Princeton (1813-49). | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio | |
Minto | Walter | 1753-1796 | Prof. Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at Princeton (1787-96). | Irving Anellis | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Moore | Zepheniah Swift | 1773-1823 | President of Williams College (1815-1821), President of Amherst College (1821-23). | John Shook | |
Moore | Benjamin | 1748-1816 | Episcopal Bishop; Prof. Rhetoric and Logic at Columbia (1784-86), President of Columbia (1801-11). | Russ Pryba | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Moore | James | 1764-1814 | Prof. Logic, Metaphysics, Moral Philosophy, and Belles-lettres at Transylvania University in Kentucky (1799-1804). | Amanda Lusky | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Morgan | Lewis Henry | 1818-1881 | Known as “Father of American Anthropology” | Cornelis de Waal | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Morton | Charles | 1627?-1698 | Lecturer on experimental science and psychology at Harvard (1687-1698). | Mark Burden | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Mott | Lucretia Coffin | 1793-1880 | Reformer for suffrage, temperance, abolition. | Alexandra Perry | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Munsell | Oliver | 1825-1905 | President of Illinois Wesleyan (1857-1875). | John Shook | |
Murray | Judith Sargeant Stevens | 1751-1820 | Poet and essayist, feminist and social reformer in Massachusetts. | Therese Dykeman | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, WWWHV |
Nairne | Charles Murray | 1808-1882 | Prof. Moral and Intellectual Philosophy and Literature at Columbia (1857-81), Prof. Ethics of Jurisprudence (1860-68), Prof. History and Political Economy (1865-1876). | Russ Pryba | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Nevin | John Williamson | 1803-1886 | Prof. Theology at Western Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania (1830-40), Mercersburg Seminary (1840-53), Prof. History and Aesthetics at Franklin and Marshall College in Pennsylvania (1861-66), President of Franklin and Marshall (1866-76). | Jonathan Sands Wise | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Newman | Samuel Phillips | 1797-1842 | Prof. Civil Polity and Political Economy at Bowdoin College in Maine (1824-39). | Deacon Newhouse | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Nisbet | Charles | 1736-1804 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Dickinson College in Pennsylvania (1785-1804). | Rusty Roberson | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Norton | Andrews | 1786-1853 | Professor of Sacred Literature at Harvard Divinity School (1819-29). | Michael Lee | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Nott | Eliphalet | 1773-1866 | President of Union College in New York (1804-1866), also taught Moral Philosophy. | Robert Main | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Noyes | John Humphrey | 1811-1886 | Established Oneida (New York) Community in 1848. | Rhonda Ragsdale | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Odelin | Jacques | 1789-1841 | Catholic Priest and theologian in Quebec. | Seth Batiste | Dict Canad Bio |
Offen | Benjamin | 1772-1848 | Freethinker in New York City | Russ Pryba | |
Ogilvie | James | 1760-1820 | Prof. Rhetoric at South Carolina College (now Univ. South Carolina) (1817?-20) | John Shook | |
Olin | Stephen | 1797-1851 | Prof. Ethics and Belles-lettres at Univ. Georgia (1826-33), President and Prof. Mental/Moral Science, Belles-lettres, Political Philosophy at Randolph-Macon College in Virginia (1834-37), President of Wesleyan Univ. in Connecticut (1842-51). | Tadd Ruetenik | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Oliver | Daniel | 1787-1842 | Professor of Medicine at Dartmouth (1820-1837), also Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy (1825-1828), Professor of Intellectual Philosophy (1828-1837). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Owen | Robert Dale | 1801-1877 | Social reformer and freethinker. | Alexandra Perry | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Paine | Robert | 1799-1882 | President of Lagrange College, Alabama (1830-46) | John Shook | |
Paine | Martyn | 1794-1877 | Prof. Medicine at University of the City of New York (later New York University) (1841-77). | Francine Netter Roberson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Paine | Thomas | 1737-1809 | Revolutionary and rationalist. | Tim Binga | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Palmer | Elihu | 1764-1806 | Deist in Philadelphia and New York City. | Kyle Potter | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, WWWHV |
Park | Calvin | 1774-1847 | Prof. Moral Philosophy and Metaphysics at Brown (1811-25). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Park | Edwards Amasa | 1808-1900 | Prof. Theology at Andover Seminary in Massachusetts (1836-81). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Park | Roswell | 1807-1869 | Prof. Chemistry and Natural Philosophy at Univ. Pennsylvania (1836-42), President of Racine College in Wisconsin (1852-59). | Cornelis de Waal | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Parker | Theodore | 1810-1860 | Transcendentalist in Boston. | David Davis | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Parrish | Joseph | 1779-1840 | Physician in Philadelphia. | Eric v.d. Luft | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Payne | Daniel Alexander | 1811-1893 | African Methodist Episcopal Minister and President of Wilberforce College in Ohio (1863-76). | Anthony B. Pinn | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Peabody | Elizabeth Palmer | 1804-1894 | Independent philosopher and educator in Massachusetts. | Monika Elbert | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Pearl | Cyril | 1805-1865 | Congregational Minister and teacher in Maine. Wrote “Youth’s book on the mind: embracing the outlines of the intellect, the sensibilities, and the will” (1842). | Cornelis de Waal | A Dictionary of North American Authors Deceased before 1950 |
Peirce | Benjamin | 1809-1880 | Prof. Mathematics, Natural Philosophy, and Astronomy at Harvard (1883-80). | Albert Lewis and Nathan Houser | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Penn | William | 1644-1718 | Founder and Governor of Pennsylvania (1682-1718). | Andrew Murphy | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Perkins | John | 1698-1781 | Physician in Massachusetts, political theorist. Wrote “Theory of Agency; or, an Essay on the Nature, Source and Extent of Moral Freedom” (1771). | Harry Whitaker and Robin Mackie | |
Phelps | Almira Hart Lincoln | 1793-1884 | Science educator, feminist in New England. 2nd woman elected to American Association for the Advancement of Science (1859). | Marta Pires | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Phillips | Wendell | 1811-1884 | Abolitionist and social philosopher in Boston. | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Pond | Enoch | 1791-1882 | Prof. Theology at Bangor Theological Seminary in Maine (1856-82). | Kyle Potter | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Porter | Noah | 1811-1892 | Prof. Philosophy at Yale (1847-92), President of Yale (1871-86). | Edward O’Brien | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Potter | Alonzo | 1800-1865 | Prof. Moral and Intellectual Philosophy and Political Economy at Union College in upstate New York (1831-38), Vice President of Union College (1838-45). | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV | |
Priestley | Joseph | 1733-1804 | Scientist, Unitarian in Pennsylvania. | John Stephens | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Purcell | John Baptist | 1800-1883 | Professor of Moral Philosophy at Mount St. Mary’s College, then Bishop of Cincinnati. Prominent Catholic theologian. | John Shook | |
Quimby | Phineas Parkhurst | 1802-1866 | A founder of the New Thought movement. | David Schmidt | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Rauch | Frederick Augustus | 1806-1841 | Philosopher and theologian in Pennsylvania. | James Good | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Raue | Charles Gottlieb (Godlove) | 1820-1896 | Physician and psychologist in Philadelphia | Mary Hitchcock | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Rawle | Francis | 1662-1726 | Judge and politician in Pennsylvania. | Karen Hoffman | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ray | Isaac | 1807-1881 | Psychiatrist in Maine. | Eric v.d. Luft | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Raymond | Joseph-Sabin | 1810-1887 | Catholic Priest, Prof. Philosophy (1832-36) and Theology (1852-62) at Séminaire de Saint-Hyacinthe in Quebec, also Superior there (1847–53, 1859–83). | Autumn Woods | Dict Canad Bio |
Raymond | Daniel | 1786-1849 | Lawyer in Baltimore (1814-40). | Marc-William Palen | Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Reed | Sampson | 1800-1880 | Businessman and editor in Boston. | Steven Takacs | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, WWWHV |
Reese | Thomas | 1742-1796 | Presbyterian Minister in South Carolina, wrote “An Essay on the Influence of Religion in Civil Society” (1788). | Andy Black | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio |
Reeve | Tapping | 1744-1823 | Lawyer, political and legal theorist in Connecticut, Head of his Litchfield Law School (1784-98), Judge of Connecticut Superior Court (1798-1814). | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Remond | Sarah Parker | 1826-1894 | African American abolitionist and feminist in Boston, New York, and England. | Katrina Anderson | Amer Nat Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio |
Rey | Anthony | 1807-1847 | Prof. Philosophy at Georgetown (1840-45). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ricord | Elizabeth Stryker | 1788-1865 | Principal of the Geneva Female Seminary in Geneva, New York (1829-40). Wrote “Elements of the Philosophy of Mind, Applied to the Developement of Thought and Feeling” (1840). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Ripley | George | 1802-1880 | Unitarian Minister in Boston, Editor in New York City. | Blake Ellis | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Rivers | Richard Henderson | 1814-1894 | Methodist Minister, President of several small colleges in Alabama and Louisiana (1843-69). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Robinson | Ezekiel Gilman | 1815-1894 | President of Brown University (1872-89). | John Shook | |
Rose | Ernestine | 1810-1892 | Feminist, freethinker, and political theorist. | Paula Doress-Worters and Kristin Waters | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ross | James | 1811-1886 | Prof. Philosophy at Presbyterian theological seminary at West River in Nova Scotia (1848-58), President of Dalhousie College in Nova Scotia (1863-85). | David Puller | Dict Canad Bio |
Ruffner | Henry | 1790-1861 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Washington College in Virginia (1836-48). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Balz, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Rush | Benjamin | 1746-1813 | Revolutionary, Physician, Prof. Chemistry at College of Philadelphia (1769-91), Professor of Medical Theory and Clinical Practice at Univ. Pennsylvania (1791-1813) | Dan O’Brien and Lucy Russell | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Rush | James | 1786-1869 | Physician, psychologist in Philadelphia. | Mary M. Manning | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ryder | James | 1800-1860 | Professor of Philosophy and Theology (1829-1840), President (1840-1845, 1848-1851) at Georgetown College. Prominent Catholic theologian. | ||
Ryerson | Egerton | 1803-1882 | Prominent educator and administrator in Ontario, Canada | Charlie Hobbs | Dict Canad Bio |
Sanders | Daniel Clarke | 1768-1850 | President of University of Vermont (1800-14) | John Shook | |
Sawyer | Leicester Ambrose | 1807-1898 | Congregational Minister in Connecticut (1832-43), President of Central College in Ohio (1843-54). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Schaff | Philip | 1819-1893 | Prof. Theology at German Reformed Seminary in Pennsylvania (1844-63), Prof. Theology at Union Theological Seminary (1870-93). | Dana Noelle | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Schmucker | Samuel Simon | 1799-1873 | Prof. Theology at Lutheran Theological Seminary (1826-64). | John Shook | |
Sears | Barnas | 1802-1880 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Brown (1855-67). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Sedgwick | Catherine Maria | 1789-1867 | Novelist, counter-feminist and domestic sphere proponent in Massachusetts. | Lucinda L. Damon-Bach | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Shedd | William Greenough Thayer | 1820-1894 | Prof. English Literature at Univ. Vermont (1845-52), Prof. Church History at Auburn Presbyterian Seminary in New York (1854-62), Prof. Theology at Union Theological Seminary (1863-93). | Jeff Wilcox | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Shurtleff | Roswell | 1773-1861 | Professor of Divinity at Dartmouth (1804-1827), Professor of Moral Philosophy and Political Economy (1827-1838) | John Shook | |
Sigourney | Lydia Howard Huntley | 1791-1865 | Author and lecturer, social reformer, counter-feminist and domestic sphere proponent; sympathized w/South during Civil War. | Marta Pires | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Small | William | 1734-1775 | Prof. Natural Philosophy at College of William and Mary (1758-64) | John Shook | |
Smith | Elizabeth Oakes Prince | 1806-1893 | Essayist, feminist, abolitionist, and social reformer in New York. | Dorothy Rogers | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Smith | John Blair | 1756-1799 | Professor at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia (1775-1779), President of Hampden-Sydney (1779-89), President of Union College in NY (1795-99) | John Shook | |
Smith | Henry Boynton | 1815-1877 | Prof. Philosophy at Amherst College in Massachusetts (1847-50), Prof. Theology at Union Theological Seminary (1850-74). | Walter Conser | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Smith | Samuel Stanhope | 1751-1819 | Prof. Moral Philosophy at Princeton (1779-95), President of Princeton (1795-1812). | Jacob Goodson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Smith | John Augustine | 1782-1865 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at College of William and Mary (1814-25), Prof. Anatomy, Surgery, and Physiology at College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York (1825-31), President of College of Physicians and Surgeons (1831-43). | Eric v.d. Luft | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Smith | William | 1727-1803 | Provost (1754-79, 1789-91) and Prof. Ethics (1754-91) at College of Philadelphia. | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV | |
Smith | William Andrew | 1802-1870 | President and Prof. Moral and Intellectual Philosophy at Randolph-Macon College in Virginia (1846-66). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Smith | Henry | 1805-1879 | Prof. Greek and Latin at Marietta College in Ohio (1835-46), President and Prof. Moral and Intellectual Philosophy at Marietta (1846-55). | John Shook | |
Sparks | Jared | 1789-1866 | Prof. History at Harvard (1839-49), President of Harvard (1849-53). | Shannon Duffy | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Spooner | Lysander | 1808-1887 | Abotionist, political philosopher in Massachusetts and Ohio | Raymond Krohn | |
Squier | Miles Powell | 1792-1866 | Prof. Intellectual and Moral Philosophy at Beloit College in Wisconsin (1849-63). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Stanton | Elizabeth Cady | 1815-1902 | Feminist and suffrage leader in New York State. | Jean Van Delinder | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Staughton | William | 1770-1829 | President and Prof. Philosophy at Columbian College (now George Washington University) (1822-29) | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Stearns | John | 1770-1848 | Physician in New York. | Mary M. Manning | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Stephens | Alexander Hamilton | 1812-1883 | Politician and constitutional scholar in Georgia, Vice President of Confederacy (1861-65). | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Stewart | Maria Miller | 1803-1879 | African American abolitionist and feminist in Boston and Washington, DC. | Katrina Anderson | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Lit Bio |
Stiles | Ezra | 1727-1795 | President of Yale (1778-1795), taught most subjects. | Roger Ward | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Stockton | Annis Boudinet | 1736-1801 | Political and philosophical poet in New Jersey; hosted a woman’s salon there; friend and correspondent of Rev War-era leaders | Dorothy Rogers and Alexandra Perry | Amer Nat Bio |
Stone | Lucy | 1818-1893 | Feminist and abolitionist writer in Massachusetts and New Jersey. | Susanna Jones | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Storer | David Humphreys | 1804-1891 | Prof. Obstetrics and Medical Jurisprudence (1854-68) and Dean (1855-64) of Harvard Medical School. | Eric v.d. Luft | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Story | Joseph | 1779-1845 | Justice of US Supreme Court (1812-45), Prof. Law at Harvard (1829-45). | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Stuart | Moses | 1780-1852 | Prof. Theology at Andover Theological Seminary (1810-48). | Jeff Wilcox | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Sumner | Charles | 1811-1874 | US Senator, political theorist, abolitionist in Massachusetts. | Alexandra Perry | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Sunderland | LeRoy | 1802-1885 | Independent theologian and philosopher, prominent atheist. | David Schmidt | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Swain | David Lowry | 1801-1868 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy, Metaphysics, Political Economy, and Law at Univ. North Carolina (1835-68). | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, Smith, WWWHV |
Sweetser | William | 1797-1875 | Prof. Medicine at University of Vermont (1825-32), Bowdoin College (1845-61). | Eric v.d. Luft | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Tappan | Henry Philip | 1805-1881 | Prof. Intellectual and Moral Philosophy and Belles-lettres at University of the City of New York (later New York University) (1832-38), President and Prof. Philosophy at Univ. Michigan (1852-63). | Benjamin Park | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Taschereau | Elzear-Alexandre | 1820-1898 | Prof. Theology at Petit Séminaire in Quebec (1837-42), Prof. Theology and Philosophy at Grand Séminaire in Quebec (1842-54), Archbishop and Cardinal of Quebec (1871-98). | John Shook | Dict Canad Bio |
Taylor | John | 1753-1824 | Politician, political theorist in Virginia. | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Taylor | Nathaniel William | 1786-1858 | Prof. Theology at Yale (1822-58). | Kyle Welty | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ten Brook | Andrew | 1814-1899 | Prof. Moral and Intellectual Philosophy at Univ. Michigan (1844-51). | John Shook | |
Thoreau | Henry David | 1817-1862 | Writer, philosopher in Massachusetts. | David Davis | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Thornwell | James Henley | 1812-1862 | Prof. Metaphysics at South Carolina College (now Univ. South Carolina) (1837-40), Prof. Theology at South Carolina College (1841-51). | Elmer Duncan | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Balz, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ticknor | Caleb | 1805-1840 | Physician in New York. | Eric v.d. Luft | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Torrey | Joseph | 1797-1867 | Prof. Greek and Latin at Vermont (1827-42), Prof. Philosophy at Vermont (1842-67), President of Vermont (1862-67). | Charles Anthony Earls | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
True | Charles Kittridge | 1809-1878 | Prof. Moral and Intellectual Philosophy at Wesleyan University in Connecticut (1849-60). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Truth | Sojourner | 1797?-1883 | Abolitionist and feminist. | Nancy Schluter | Amer Nat Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio |
Tucker | George | 1775-1861 | Prof. Moral Philosophy at Univ. Virginia (1825-45). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Tucker | St. George | 1752-1827 | Prof. Law at College of William and Mary in Virginia (1790-1803). | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Turner | Jonathan Baldwin | 1805-1899 | Prof. Rhetoric and Belles-lettres at Illinois College (1834-47). | David Pfeifer | Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Tuthill | Louisa Caroline Huggins | 1799-1879 | Author on women’s education and architecture, editor of Ruskin’s writings in Connecticut. | Sabrina Misir-Hirilall | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Tyler | Samuel | 1809-1877 | Lawyer and philosopher in Maryland | John Shook | |
Upham | Thomas Cogswell | 1799-1872 | Prof. Philosophy at Bowdoin College in Maine (1824-68). | Alfred Fuchs | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Vanderburgh | Federal | 1788-1868 | Physician in Connecticut, a founder of homeopathy. | Judith A. Wiener | |
Vethake | Henry | 1792-1866 | Provost and Professor of Intellectual and Moral Philosophy Univ. Pennsylvania (1853-59). | Sean Corbin | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Waddel | Moses | 1770-1840 | President and Prof. Philosophy at Univ. Georgia (1819-1829). | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Wadsworth | Benjamin | 1669-1737 | President of Harvard (1725-37). | John Shook | |
Wait | Samuel | 1789-1867 | President of Wake Forest College in North Carolina (1833-45) | John Shook | |
Walker | James | 1794-1874 | Prof. Natural Religion, Moral Philosophy, and Civil Polity at Harvard (1839-53), President of Harvard (1853-60). | Robin Vandome | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Walker | David | 1796?-1830 | African American abolitionist in Boston. | Darryl Scriven | Amer Nat Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ware | William | 1797-1852 | Unitarian Minister, theologian and author in New York and Massachusetts. | Roger Ward | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ware | Henry, Jr. | 1794-1843 | Prof. Pastoral Theology and Pulpit Eloquence at Harvard Divinity School (1830-1842), also taught moral philosophy (1837-42). | Andy Black | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Ware | Henry | 1764-1845 | Prof. Theology at Harvard (1805-45). | Jonathan Hartog | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Warren | Mercy Otis | 1728-1814 | Poet and historian, wrote “Observations on the New Constitution” (1788). | Therese Dykeman | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Warren | Josiah | 1798-1874 | Inventor, social and political philosopher, anarchist in Ohio, Illinois, and New York. | Raymond Krohn | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Wasson | David Atwood | 1823-1887 | Independent Minister in Massachusetts, minor transcendentalist. | Joseph Palencik | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio. See Stearns, “Sketches from Concord and Appledore” |
Wayland | Francis | 1796-1865 | President of Brown (1827-55). | David Pfeifer | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Webster | Noah | 1758-1843 | Teacher, author, and lexicographer in Connecticut. | Caleb Puckett | |
Weiss | John | 1818-1879 | Unitarian Minister, abolitionist. | David Puller | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Weld | Theodore Dwight | 1803-1895 | Abolitionist in New York and Massachusetts. | Dorothy Rogers | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Weld | Angelina Emily Grimke | 1805-1879 | Abolitionist and feminist. | Dorothy Rogers | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
West | Samuel | 1730-1807 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Massachusetts. | Stephen Wilson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
West | Stephen | 1735?-1819 | Congregational Minister, Vice President of Williams College in Massachusetts (1793-1812). Wrote “Essay on Moral Agency: Remarks on Edwards’s ‘Inquiry on the Freedom of the Will'” (1772). | Adam Glover | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio |
Wheat | John Thomas | 1801-1888 | Prof. Rhetoric and Logic at Univ. North Carolina (1850-60). | Benjamin Peltz | Balz, Dictionary of North Carolina Biography |
Whedon | Daniel Denison | 1808-1885 | Prof. Ancient Languages and Literature at Wesleyan University in Connecticut (1833-43), Prof. Logic, Rhetoric, and Philosophy of History at Michigan (1845-51), Editor of Methodist Quarterly Review in New York (1856-84). | Charles Yrigoyen, Jr. | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Wheelock | John | 1754-1817 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Dartmouth (1779-1817). | John Shook | |
Wheelock | Elizear | 1711-1779 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Dartmouth (1769-79). | John Shook | |
Whipper | William | 1804-1876 | African American abolitionist in Pennsylvania. | John Shook | Amer Nat Bio |
White | Henry | 1800-1850 | Prof. Systematic Theology at Union Theological Seminary (1828-50). | Roger Ward | Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
White | Charles | 1795-1861 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Wabash College in Indiana (1841-61). | John Shook | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Smith |
Whitman | Walt | 1819-1892 | Poet and writer in New York and New Jersey. | Edward O’Brien | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Wigglesworth | Edward | 1693-1765 | First Hollis Professor of Divinity at Harvard (1722-1765) | John Shook | |
Wight | Orlando Williams | 1824-1888 | Unitarian Minister and physician in New Jersey, Wisconsin, and Michigan. | Cornelis de Waal | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Willard | Samuel | 1775-1859 | Unitarian Minister in Massachusetts. | Kyle Potter | Amer Nat Bio, Dict Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Willard | Joseph | 1738-1804 | President of Harvard (1781-1804) | John Shook | |
Willard | Samuel | 1640-1707 | Congregational Minister and theologian in Boston, Fellow and Vice-President of Harvard (1700-1707). | Harry Maddux | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Willard | Emma Hart | 1787-1870 | Feminist and educational theorist in New York. | Amrita Banerjee | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Williams | Elisha | 1694-1755 | Congregational Minister in Connecticut, President of Yale (1726-39). | George Levesque | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Williams | Roger | 1603?-1683 | Minister in Massachusetts and Rhode Island. | James Davis | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Willich | August | 1810-1878 | Army officer and communist leader in Germany (1831-50) and Ohio (1854-65), Independent scholar in Ohio (1865-78). | James Good | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Wilson | James | 1742-1798 | Revolutionary, Prof. Law at Univ. Pennsylvania (1790-98). | Brian Butler | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Winchell | Alexander | 1824-1891 | Prof. Geology, Zoology, and Botany at Univ. Michigan (1855-73), Prof. Geology and Paleontology at Michigan (1879-1891). | Dereck Coatney | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Wingate | Washington Manly | 1828-1879 | President and Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy and Rhetoric of Wake Forest College in North Carolina (1853-79). | John Shook | Encyclopedia of Southern Baptists, Dictionary of North Carolina Biography |
Wingate | Washington Manly Wingate | 1828-1879 | President and Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy and Rhetoric of Wake Forest College in North Carolina (1853-79). | John Shook | |
Winslow | Hubbard | 1799-1864 | Minister in New England. | John Tilley | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Winthrop | John | 1588-1649 | Governor of Massachusetts (1629-34, 1637-40, 1642-44, 1646-49). | Francis Bremer | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Wise | John | 1652-1725 | Puritan minister, theologian, and political theorist. | Stephen Wilson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Wise | Isaac Mayer | 1819-1900 | Jewish Reformed rabbi in New York and Ohio. | Henry Bowden | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Comp Amer Thought, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Encyc Amer Bio, Encyc Relig, Nat Cycl Amer Bio |
Witherspoon | John | 1723-1794 | President of College of New Jersey (Princeton) (1768-94). | Stephen Wilson | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Woods | Alva | 1794-1887 | President of Transylvania University in Kentucky (1828-31), President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Univ. Alabama (1831-37). | Deacon Newhouse | Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Woods | Leonard | 1774-1854 | Prof. Theology at Andover Theological Seminary (1808-46). | Jonathan Hartog | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Woolman | John | 1720-1772 | Quaker leader, abolitionist in New Jersey. | Scott Heerman | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Religious Bio, Dict Lit Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Woolsey | Theodore Dwight | 1801-1889 | Prof. Greek at Yale (1831-46), President of Yale (1846-71). | Christopher Lucas | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Wright | Frances | 1795-1852 | Feminist, abolitionist, anti-religious freethinker in New York City and Tennessee. | Therese Dykeman | Amer Nat Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Dict Lit Bio, WWWHV |
Wylie | Andrew | 1789-1851 | President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Washington College in Pennsylvania (1816-28), President and Prof. Moral Philosophy at Indiana Univ. (1828-51). | Mathew Pamental | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Wyman | Rufus | 1778-1842 | Physician and Superintendent of McLean Asylum at Harvard (1818-1837). Wrote “A discourse on mental philosophy as connected with mental disease, delivered before the Massachusetts Medical Society, June 2, 1830” (1830) | Jeffrey Mifflin | |
Wythe | George | 1726?-1806 | Prof. Law at College of William and Mary in Virginia (1770-90). | Joseph Palencik | Amer Nat Bio, Appleton’s Cycl Amer Bio, Cambridge Dict Amer Bio, Dict Amer Bio, Nat Cycl Amer Bio, WWWHV |
Young | Thomas | 1731-1777 | Freethinker, deist, and revolutionary in New York | John Shook |